Organizational Behavior Terms and Concepts Essay

Organizational Behavior cost and Concepts - Essay ExampleThere is still some disagreement over the topics that contribute to the composition of the example for organizational behavior but most people agree that the core topics, start of it would include motivation, attracter behavior, leadership power, interpersonal communication, attitude development and perception, learning, group structure and processes, release stress, change processes and conflict counselling (Robbins, 2004).Now incase of Organizational Behavior, mixed bag usu e rattling(prenominal)y refers to the workforce diversity. Workforce diversity refers to the increasing heterogeneity of organizations with the inclusion of workers from different groups. These groups may be created on the basis of ethnicity, age, gender, marital status, immigrants, etc. The key, however, to managing workforce diversity is to bring about flexibility in the organizations culture (Robbins, 2004). The organization might need to come up with better work schedules, compensation plans, physical and work settings, benefits and employees other varied needs, such as, offering youngster and elder c atomic number 18, job sharing, flexibility in work hours, etc.Communication, in general, layabout be delineate as the transfer and understanding of meaning or ideas or information (Griffin, Moorehead, 2009). This is basically how information and ideas can be conveyed and holds due relevance for an organization. As the world has globalized, information has become an organizations most vital resource, and organizations are willing to invest heavily in ensuring secure and efficient flow of information from one part of the organization to another.Perfect communication, if such a thing were to exist, would only be achieved if an idea or mental object was transmitted in such a manner that the picture perceived by the receiver would incisively be the same as envisioned by the sender (Robbins, 2004).Organization, in general, is composed of people, i.e. individuals. So, one path of looking at an organizations force and dexterity would be to look at aggregating the efficiency and effectiveness of all the individuals who are part of the organization. So, Organizational Behavior would tend to focus on factors that may impact the efficiency and effectiveness of an employee. Now there can be a variety of aspects of the organizations culture or the work environment that may negatively impact an individuals effectiveness and efficiency, which may ultimately hurt the organization in the long run. So, the idea is to tweak and change the work environment, so as to raise the level of effectiveness and efficiency of the organization. Factors such as employee morale, compensation, flexibility of the work environment and leadership play a very vital role in it (Griffin, Moorhead, 2009). These factors result in defining the commitment levels of the individual and ultimately the replete(p) organization.The concept of a learning organization was something managers and organization theorists came up with in response to the growing mutualness of organizations in times of globalization and change. In simple terms, a learning organization is one that has the power to continuously adapt and change given the dynamic nature of the macro or external environment. only as individuals learn, so do organizations, i.e. all organizations learn whether they consciously choose to or not, in guild for their sustained existence learning is a basic requirement. However, some companies such as, Wal-Mart, Xerox,

Choose one of the topics below Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Choose one of the topics below - interrogation Paper ExampleIt is paramount to shift to vigour sources that can substantially reduce the CO2 emissions as comp atomic number 18d to fossil fuels rather than restricting nil saving portfolios in order to realize a decline of greenhouse emissions. Renewable capacity strategy is the best approach to reducing the emissions. According to the International power Agency (IEA), to reach the ultimate goal of greenhouse gas emissions worldwide, including the developing countries, strategic renewable postcode sources should be implemented. Nuclear power generations and fossil fuel-fire d power generations with CO2 storage and recapture measures should be put in place to fast track counter global warming (IEA, 2008).Renewable competency is an inexhaustible energy that is a flow-type and is environment friendly. This proposal will presents some analytic findings of renewable energy outputs towards a low carbon society. It goes further to pro vide the nature policies on the promotion of renewable energy, measures to catch up with non-economic barriers for the adoption, future courses of electricity demand-supply system, cost and effects of promotion of renewable energy and the ways to allocate connect costs (IEA, 2008).The leading renewable energy producer in North America is Ontario. This renewable energy is beneficial since it does not bring about environmental degradation or pollution. Different methods of producing such energy include harnessing of wind energy through the use of windmills, harnessing of biogas or through the harnessing of solar energy.Electricity harness through solar energy directly depends on the energy from the sun and its intensity. Hence, different states that rely on solar energy try to determine solar insolation annually in order to optimize their electricity production during high insolation periods and subsidize their electricity during low insolation periods.There are different methods of

The predictions of corporate failures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The predictions of embodied ill fortunes - Essay ExampleCorporate failures gained higher range in last two decades. There atomic number 18 lots of factors that lead businesses to fail. Those factors attributed by different economists are high interest rates, heavy debt burdens and recession-squeezed profits. There are lots of industry-specific factors such as government canon and the nature of operations, can results into to a firms financial failures. Studies have found that small, private and impudently opened companies with poor cash flow planning and ineffective controlling systems are more exposed to financial crisis than the large and well-established firms. It is very important to have robust and reliable models that predict corporate failure accurately and promptly. It is very important for the management to go for either preventive or corrective bank bill to secure the interest of all the stakeholders. This workplace would go to discuss about different models for pr eventing corporate failures and the study would assess the strengths and weaknesses of those models. Financial satiability is very important for any corporate house. Corporate houses are having lots of stakeholders tie with it. It is also an important duty of Government and Financial regulating authorities to keep a reason look on the financial health of firm. There are lots of models are there to take preventive actions but it is very important to chose the right one for the right problem. Every model has its suffer strength and weaknesses. Identification of the proper model for the specific crisis is very important things to follow for any corporate house to avoid corporate failures. Failure of one firm can cause for a secure disaster for all those stake holders related with that firm.According to Beaver (1966), who used classification sieve to lay different financial ratios for corporate failure predictions. Author used 30 financial ratios and 79 pairs of companies for test

Reasons behind Nursing as Career Choice Literature review

Reasons toilet Nursing as C atomic number 18er Choice - Literature review ExampleFrom this look into it is clear that nurses much compose the biggest group of healthcare professionals all over the valet. In the United Kingdom (UK), there are around 27 physicians for every 10,000 people, while there are 103 nurses and midwives for the same ratio. Nurses are also considered as versatile caregivers and the backbone of the national healthcare system. Recruiting general nurses, especially in the United States and Europe, however, has undergone considerable radioactive decay over the years. Lai, Peng, and Chang and Preston noted that nurse recruitment and rubbing are worldwide concerns, even for first world countries. They are concerned of the reasons that compel nurses to leave the nursing profession, such as lack of aliment from other(a) healthcare staff and poor avenues for professional development. These nurses would have stayed in the profession if they received more support from mentors or coaches, as well as opportunities for professional development. A decreasing number of entrants to the profession of nursing have also been a core issue for many countries. The increased rates of nursing assimilator attrition have brought about multiple quality and quantity healthcare delivery issues. In 2002, Jennings describe attrition rates in pre-registration nurse education that ranged from 27 per cent to 40 per cent for the stallion United Kingdom alone. Price reviewed the qualitative literature on nursing as a life story choice and one of the reasons that students do not pursue nursing or stop pursuing nursing is because of the paradox of caring... These external and internal concerns are only some of the reasons that the nursing profession has experience loss of nurses and decrease in nursing students. Chapter One will explore recruitment, selection, and retention issues. It will deliver the goods the overview on the positive and negative images of nur sing to target students. It will show that there is a research gap on studying the motivations of both nurses and potential nursing students in pursuing nursing as a long-term career option. It will also discuss the research goals of the researcher. 12 The supplicate is Not Equal to the Supply Numerous nursing recruitment (Wells and McElwee, 2000), orientation (Price, 2009), retention (While and Blackman, 1998), socialisation (Price, 2009) and attrition issues (Rognstad, Aasland, and Granum, 2004) have affected the supply of nurses all over the world. Demand for nurses and other healthcare professionals and workers, however, continue to rise, as life expectancy improves and people experiencing acute and chronic health conditions increase (van den Heuvel et al., 2009). One of the main causes of the discrepancy between nursing demand and supply is the human resource management (HRM) practices and strategies of healthcare institutions (Locke, Alavi, and Wagner, 1997). check to repor ts, there have been challenges in nurse recruitment and the filling up of nursing positions at hospitals. For instance, in 2000, there was a shortage of an estimate of 110,700 registered nurses as reported by the Ministry of Health in the US (Sochalski, 2002). In addition, Buerhaus, Staiger, and Auerbach (2008) reported that the shortfall of registered nurses in the country is likely to

Culture Aspect of Childbirth and Parenting Essay

Culture Aspect of Childbirth and P arenting - Essay ExampleThere are so many dimensions to it that studying its dynamics could provide deep insights for health care professionals. This paper impart examine the case of child birth and care in Kalahari, South Africa. It is expected that the discourse stop further highlight the argument that the idiosyncrasies in various culture are peculiarly prominent in pregnancy, child birth and parenting and that an understanding of such could empower health care professionals to be effective especially in decision-making stage when working with a highly diverse population. Kalahari is a region in Confederate Africa that covers parts of South Africa, Botswana, Angola, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The Bushmen pee-pee thrived in the region for at to the lowest degree 20,000 years. Children and parenting among them are treated often the same way in Western societies. Babies are indulged and cared for until their survival is ensured. Sigelman and Rider (2011) noted that babies are moved(p) 70% of daytime hours, are breast-fed whenever they want (usually 20-40 times a day), and may not be weaned until the age of 4. (p. 124) The way mothers and families rear their young with the attention and importance given to this enterprise - is essentially the same with how Western communities and families care for their children. They are loved, protected and provided for. The Bushmen, however, practices a unique birthing culture. A in truth important aspect of it is how the Kalahari women aspire and value the manner of giving birth to her child unaided. At least this has been true in the case of the Bushmen tribe of Juhoansi. According to Selin (2009), this is quite common across this group because solitary(a) child birth is widely seen as an opportunity to prove ones worth as it is considered part of the rites of passage wherein women can display their ability for self-control, in addition to the ritualistic beliefs entailed in social rites of passage. (p. 17) The implication of this cultural practice is that it exposes mothers and infants to several risk factors the most serious of these is death. This practice appears so dissimilar from the Western idea about the entire birthing process. In most western societies such as in the United States, pregnancy and child birth is an opportunity for family, relatives and friends to lend give birth. They are equated with the procreation processes and, hence, are extremely important for many individuals beyond the family. In addition, anthropologists consider kinship relationships in the West as fundamentally connected with acts of birth and human understanding of procreation. (Stone 2009) And so pregnancy and birthing are considered an instance of extreme interest. Rites, beliefs, myths, among other cultural practices that our community have made all feature the requirement of support and closer ties. It is normal for us to see assistance, especially those by women who possess authoritative knowledge on the process, as one with great survival value for birthing mothers. This is the reason why today some(prenominal) the health professional such as the doctor or the midwife are actual partners in the pregnancy and the birthing enterprise. Another interesting aspect about child birth in Kalahari is the environment. desert covers much of the area and this claimed an important impact in the childbirth beliefs and behaviors of the Bushmen. Unlike in our society, for instance, the Bushmen did not have the luxury of water for birthing. Women

An analysis of how 'management via accounting' can be applied to keep Essay

An analysis of how vigilance via history can be applied to keep fire costs as low as possible at a low-cost flight path, w - test ExampleThis management essay is going to provide complete solutions and management measure for airline force out management. These solutions cover fuel forecasting and planning, procurement, inventory and logistic management, contract management, and accounting and tax management. As a result, finance and purchase teams acquire a complete overview of airline inventory and obligation when they hedge and purchase fuel. airway companies accounting management can automate and reduce fuel costs by bear upon of both financial derivatives and physical fuel purchases used in hedging. Therefore, the accounting department should come up with aggregated financial-physical fuel view positions and cost risk exposure (Calder, 20139). In fuel planning and budgeting, the accounting department must conduct an analysis of what-if situations such as changes in the ty pe of aircraft used, introduction of in the raw airports and routes, and forward cost curves. In addition, the accounts department must be able to report on existent fuel costs versus forecasted fuel costs to enable it calculate the airlines hedged fuel plan (Calder, 20139). Airline accounts management can effectively curl fuel use and get investments directly to the companys bottom line through operating efficiently. ... lancing method go out an favorable centre of gravity for all(a) airplanes, the airport entrance planning is considered to ensure low fuel burn on the entrance grounds, and ensure there are daily operations improvement to recover from trouble shooting activities hence control burning of wasted fuel (Centre for melodic line, 2013). Currently, all airlines accounting departments must ensure that they have open fire management information system, which is imperative to monitor fuel expenses and assist the accountants in coming up with effective solutions to decr ease fuel costs. This is because airline fuel cost has become the biggest cost ranging between 25% and 50% of annual airline expenditure in all airlines across the world. Airline calculations indicate that one dollar deck out in fuel cost is equivalent to 1.6 billion dollars expenses of an entire airline company. It is highly important for airline accounting department to develop effective fuel management software such as FuelPlus software package (Calder, 20139). This efficient fuel expense and management software in the accounting department can grow massive positive effect on the progressive running of an airline operation and cause a direct effect on the airlines profitability, sustainability, and competitiveness (Channel 4 Dispatches, 2013). As reported by Centre for Aviation (CAPA) recently, the financial optimism is now bonnie the main cause of higher fuel prices. Whilst in the old days, Fuel management system was seen as primarily a method of bringing commercial advanta ges, it is currently becoming an important element of an airline expense management toolkit. Fuel management is not just observe operational information, but also a widespread enterprise that involves all departments in the airport. The accounting

The impact of technology on the war in Afghanistan Research Paper

The impact of technology on the contend in afghanistan - Research Paper ExampleThe Taliban has explicitly expressed their support of the Al-Qaeda, a global net income of terrorists, and in September 9, 2011, Al-Qaeda operatives executed Ahmad Shah Massoud, a prominent commander of the Northern Alliances. Such cleanup spot assured Osama Bin Laden of the Talibans support and refuge after the 9/11 Attacks (Council on Foreign Relations). And so, the seed for the biggest and most wide-spread fight on terrorism has been sown the war on Afghanistan was bred, needing lone(prenominal) the attacks on US soil to spark the powder keg. The problem about Afghan stability and counterterrorist efforts is non simple a problem the Taliban is continually able to hold the Afghan citizens silent about their mien by the effective monopoly of fear, threatening the lives of Afghan should they provide any hint to the US troops concerning the Taliban or the Al-Qaeda operations (Ferguson). Poor governa nce, ethnic conflict, and administrative mismanagement have crippled the Afghan governance system in trying to address the problem of terrorism in the post-Taliban democracy. Terrorists still plague the Afghan communities, storing ammunitions and high-powered rifles, and in some case, a Taliban flag, in places so close to Afghan homes. Security in the Afghan state and the elimination of terrorist cells is highly important to maintain global peace, and such is the goal of the coupled States for its involvement in places so far away from the New instauration. After the 1993 bombing on the World Trade Center and the more famous 9/11 attacks, global security has become US security as these attacks against the US sprang non from the American continents, but from places across the oceans. In order for the US government to ensure the safety of its people, it must secure the safety of the entire world from threats as high-flown as the Al-Qaeda, the Taliban, and all other terrorist nede ucerks and militant insurgent groups. As part of the study on the war in Afghanistan, thither is a need to define counterinsurgency from counterterrorism, and in order to fulfill such, there is still a need to define the root-words that comprises the two armed forces labels. Counterinsurgency is a concatenation of two words counter and insurgency. Counterinsurgency is any organized military activity designed to combat insurgencies (Merriam-Webster). These argon military activities ge bed towards combating insurgent groups that are against the central authority not recognized as belligerents. The bound counterinsurgency was first used in the 1960s to combat communist-led revolutionists and insurgents, which Nikita Khrushkev termed as the war of national discharge, occurring all around the world that are against U.S. interest (Answers Corporation). The term replaced counterrevolution for public propaganda, since a revolution has a good connotation to the American public. Counterter rorism, on the other hand, is a concatenation of the words counter and terrorism. Counterterrorism refers to the practices, not necessarily military in nature, that acts as a response to terrorist threats and/or acts, be it real or imputed (Zalman). Terrorism is a criminal act that influences and audience beyond the immediate victim (Research-Terrorism). It seeks to achieve goals that are political, religious, or ideological in nature by inflicting terror and anxiety through the use of military equipments, usually aimed at civilian targets.

Legal Personality and Limited Liability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Legal Personality and Limited Liability - Essay ExampleThe law is watchful sometimes to examine the caller-up faade and this process is described as piercing or lifting the bodied veil. The position that a company is a unit that is thought as legal and free from its owners can sometimes produce unenviable results. For model, shareholders can obtain funds illegally and then be regarded as not liable to repay or in a shield where the directors are liable of lampoonulent activities. The courts claim been forced to intervene in some circumstances and disregard the doctrine of moderate liability and corporate personality especially the case of group companies and their subsidiaries where the entity form is being manipulated as a tool to rip baloney. The case of Salomon Vs Salomon & Co. Ltd in 1987 established the irrevocability position in common law of legal personality and limited liability of companies (Butterworth, 1960, p.6).Some of the circumstances that lead to court in tervention take on the following trading with an enemy, the case for sham companies, failure to comply with the legislation laws, fraudulent and wrongful trading, disqualified directors actions and statutory power abuse. For instance if a company is a sham one i.e. formed to enable one avoid obligations much(prenominal) as tax, the court may act to ignore the companys existence.In case the court discovers that a fraud is committed, it is prep... The fraud will notably be a case where a company owner apply the company intentionally to deny his creditors their legal rights. It discourages Solomon principle to act as a vehicle of fraud. The liberty which illustrates fraud are found in Gilford Motor Ltd Vs Jones Lipman. In this case, Mr. Horne who was as ex -employee of the company merged another limited company in his spouses name. In so doing, he solicited the clients of Gilford Motor ltd as his recitation contract held it work out that he cannot solicit customers of the organi zation. The court held that the companys idea behind its formation was to commit fraud and to mask Mr. Hornes effective continuation of the business. The court held that it was a sham to mask his wrongdoings as it was very clear that the objective of incorporating that company was to commit fraud. The court at it discretion may impose liability on people liable for carrying out the business with an intention of defrauding the creditors at the winding up of the business. The directors are besides liable if they sign a cherub or a bill of exchange on companys behalf and fail to include the companys name, omits a word or writes it incomplete (Oliver, 1971, p.66).Common law provides for separate legal entity of a company and the court disregarded this legal personality and instead has investigated the shareholders personal quality or those who usually controls the company. The curtilage behind this is because it is the public interest to make sure that the company is not run by an und esirable person and that it is not under any criminal element.Trading with an enemy especially during the time of state of war is another instance that leads to lifting of the veil of incorporation. In Daimler Company

Genomics, Vaccines & Weaponization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Genomics, Vaccines & Weaponization - Essay ExampleThe second step is to produce the recombinant proteins in E.coli bacteria, and this may range to round 350 proteins. These proteins are then purified and used in mice. The immune sera so obtained would be cool and would be assayed to determine their binding capacity with the proteins on the N. meningitides B bacteria to observe any winning of bactericidal activity in vitro. A few numbers of proteins can be taken that fuddle a high titer in all the assays. Here the protein succession variability was being canvass in the isolates of N. mengitidis B bacteria and from these the final candidates would be 2 vaccines that met all the criteria should be selected and had no sequence variability. This can undergo phase 1 clinical trial (Fraser 23-33). Robert Stevens was death from inhalation anthrax and was dying from the disease, in September 2001 following the 911 attacks. He had received a letter containing some strange pulverize and following coming in contact with this powder became ill. His body was taken to Northern Arizona University wherein biologist Paul Keim had invented a molecular biology technology of distinguishing one tenor voice of anthrax from another. Keim had collected about 88 strains of anthrax and tried to compare them with each of these. He compared the DNA (genome) of the bacteria and located for non-homogeneous genetic markers specifically 8 in number, and found that it had matched one that was used by the US soldiers for its vaccine studies as it was a highly virulent bacterium and could be used in bioterrorism. This strain was known as the Ames Strain and was first isolated from a cow in Texas in 1981 and was move to the USSAMRIID for research (US Department of Justice ). The bacteria had passed several hands of various laboratories. They later studied the unlikeness between the Ames anthrax bacteria and the bacteria that killed Stevens. They compared 5 million chemical letters present in 5000 genes. After doing all these studies, they found that the genome of the bacteria that was present in Stevenss body was the same as the Ames strain, and they could not identify specifically from which lab was the sample smuggled out and used by the terrorists. Mutations that the bacteria would undergo after being passed from one lab to another was being studied, but the scientist did not expose any differences. Finally they found that the genome of morph D of the bacteria did contain a large batch that was missing and this was caused by an altered chemical letter in the DNA. They zeroed down to 8 out of the kibibyte samples collected and this was traced to an army laboratory USAMRIID and the researcher involved was Bruce Ivins who had committed suicide after he was declared the prime suspect (PBS). Biological warfare is the use of biological agents or their toxins in order to pulverise human, animal and plant life and would be an act of terrorism or war. These b iological organisms are subject of reproducing on the hosts or are able to release toxic substances on the host, cause disease and in conclusion kill or cause critical illnesses in the host. Some of the biological weapons may actually be lethal, whereas other may be non-lethal but may have a disastrous effect. Further, by victimization infectious agents, the effect is even more disastrous and disease rapidly spreads from one individual to another, and drugs and vaccines that are required may not be immediately available. Most of such biological warfare agents are transmitted on contact or through